![]() These, along with dimers, trimers and oligomers of catechin and epicatechin are referred to as procyanidins ( Yilmaz & Toledo, 2004). Catechin, epicatechin and epicatechin gallate, and gallic acid are the monomeric compounds identified in grape seeds. In particular, grape seeds contain two-thirds of the phenols of the grape, 5-8% by weight. Phenolic bioflavanoids from grape seeds and skins are powerful antioxidants. ![]() Grape ingredients also have healthful properties. However, large quantities of grape seed wastes are produced annually by the food processing industry-wine, juice etc ( Yoo et al., 2004). It has various biological functions, due to its rich polyphenol ingredients, most of which are contained in its seeds (60-70%) and skin (30%). Grape is one of the most commonly consumed fruits in the world. Reducing body fat is a major health goal throughout the world and identifying functional foods that can help reduce body fat and meet other health needs has been the subject of numerous studies ( Hasler, 2000) grape seeds are one of the functional ingredients of particular interest in recent years. The relative risk of developing diabetes increases by 25% for every 1 kg/m 2 increase in BMI above 22 kg/m 2 ( Finer, 2006 James, 2004). Obesity is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes. Animal models, in which obesity and type 2 diabetes are induced by feeding high caloric diet, are of increasing interest for developing new therapeutic strategies. In addition to promoting obesity, diets with a dense caloric content are associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes ( Petro et al., 2004). In particular, it is associated with the development of chronic diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and certain forms of cancer. Obesity causes many health problems, both independently and in association with other diseases ( Formiguera & Canton, 2004). The obese population is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world. Obesity occurs when a controlled or regulated system fails to maintain energy balance, resulting in excess body fat storage. ![]() These findings suggest that grape seed extract supplements in high fat diet might normalize body weight, epididymal and back fat weights, lipid concentrations, and carnitine levels through controlling lipid metabolism. GSE supplementation increased mRNA levels of lipolytic genes such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and decreased mRNA levels of lipogenic genes such as acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). The concentrations of acid-insoluble acylcarnitines (AIAC) in serum and liver were higher in the HD+GSE group than in the HD group. Serum HDL-C concentrations were higher in the HD+GSE group compared with the other groups. Blood lipid concentrations were lower in the HD+GSE group than in the HD group. GSE supplement reduced the weight gain in mice fed high fat diets epididymal and back fat weights were lower compared to non-supplemented HD group. Thirty mice were divided into three groups normal diet control group (ND), high fat diet control group (HD) and high fat diet plus grape seed extract supplemented group (HD+GSE). The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-obesity effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplement in C57BL/6J mice.
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